Macronutrient and Calcium Composition with Substitution of Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) Flour as a Healthy Snack to Improve Children's Nutritional Status
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Nutritional concerns for children aged 1–9 years remain a priority, particularly regarding the fulfillment of energy, protein, and calcium requirements. The development of nastar as a snack made from snakehead fish flour is an effort to address these issues. The objective of this study was to determine the macronutrient and calcium content of the product and its contribution to children’s energy and nutritional adequacy. The study design employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six formulations of catfish flour supplementation: F0 (0%), F1 (10%), F2 (20%), F3 (30%), F4 (40%), and F5 (50%), each with three replicates. Tests for macronutrients (carbohydrates, protein, fat), calcium, and acceptability were conducted by 25 panelists based on the parameters of aroma, taste, texture, and color. Data analysis used a One-Way ANOVA test and Duncan’s multiple range test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the substitution of snakehead fish meal had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the levels of carbohydrates, fat, and calcium. Preference tests on F1 (10%) and F2 (20%) were preferred by the panelists compared to the other formulations. F1 contained carbohydrates (72.27 g), protein (0.11 g), fat (15.65 g), and calcium (17.15 mg). F2 contains carbohydrates (66.7 g), protein (0.11 g), fat (20.05 g), and calcium (29.87 mg). F1 provides 10–15% (172.16 kcal) of the RDA for children aged 10–3 years, and F2 provides 10–15% (179.12 kcal) of the RDA for children aged 4–9 years, with a serving size of 40 g.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Abdulgani, N., Winarni, D., Darmanto, W., Hidayati, D., & Rojafi, M. Z. (2025). Antioxidant Effect of Snakehead Fish (Channa Striata) Albumin Extract on Diabetic Rats (Rattus Norvegicus). Trends in Sciences, 22(12). https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2025.10834
Arziyah, D., Yusmita, L., & Wijayanti, R. (2022). Analisis Mutu Organoleptik Sirup Kayu Manis Dengan Modifikasi Perbandingan Konsentrasi Gula Aren Dan Gula Pasir. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengkajian Ilmiah Eksakta, 1(2), 105–109. https://doi.org/10.47233/jppie.v1i2.602
Asikin, A. N., Kusumaningrum, I., & Hidayat, T. (2024). Chemical Characteristics of Butter Cookies with Knife-Fish Bone Flour Addition as a Healthy Snack of High Calcium. Food Research, 8(2), 78–83. https://doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.8(2).046
Djumanto, D., Murjiyanti, A., Azlina, N., Nurulitaerka, A., & Dwiramdhani, A. (2019). Reproductive Biology of Striped Snakehead, Channa striata (Bloch, 1793) in Lake Rawa Pening, Central Java. Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia, 19(3), 475. https://doi.org/10.32491/jii.v19i3.450
Edy Yulianto Putra, M. F., Adeline, A., Angie, & Raisy. (2022). Inovasi Camilan Sehat Sweetpomo untuk Memperbaiki Asupan Gizi Masyarakat di Pandemi Covid-19. Sehat Rakyat: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 1(1), 14–27. https://doi.org/10.54259/sehatrakyat.v1i1.872
Elvaretta Aska, S., Salma Nurillah, A., Benani, K., & Azizah, N. W. (2023). Determination of Protein Content of Processed Dairy Products Using the Kjeldahl Method. Journal on Biology and Instruction, 3(1), 10–17. https://doi.org/10.26555/joubins.v3i1.7055
Escobedo-Monge, M. F., Parodi-Román, J., Escobedo-Monge, M. A., & Marugán-Miguelsanz, J. M. (2025). The Biological Value of Proteins for Pediatric Growth and Development: A Narrative Review. Nutrients, 17(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17132221
Fatmawati, S., Istiqomah, S. M., Hasanah, N., et al. (2025). Physico-Chemical Characterization of Natural Nano Calcium Extracted from Different Fish Bones in Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and Snakehead Fish (Channa striata). Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101080
Fratama, R., Ramadhan, A., & Cahyuda, N. (2024). Uji Kandungan Karbohidrat pada Mie Sagu Basah. Hetrik Agroindustri Pangan, 3(3).
Ismanto, H. (2023). Uji Organoleptik Keripik Udang (L. vannamei) Hasil Penggorengan Vakum. Jurnal AgroSainTa, 6(2), 53–58. https://doi.org/10.51589/ags.v6i2.3137
Khoirunnisa, A. A., Mustafa, A., & Rahman, N. (2022). Effect of Giving Snakehead Fish Extract (Channa striata) on Albumin Levels, Neutrophil, and Lymphocyte in Hypoalbuminemia Patients. Journal of Local Therapy, 1(2).
Margaretha, M., Apridamayanti, P., & Kurniawan, H. (2023). Analisis Kadar Kalsium pada Kulit Pisang Ambon dan Pisang Raja dengan Metode Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom. Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.37311/ijpe.v3i2.19905
Meijaard, E., Abrams, J. F., Slavin, J. L., & Sheil, D. (2022). Dietary Fats, Human Nutrition and the Environment: Balance and Sustainability. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.878644
Nadhilah, D., Rochmah, A. N., Abdi, Y. F. R., et al. (2025). Characteristics of Pineapple Jam with the Addition of Pectin and Agar-Agar Thickeners. Agrisaintifika, 9(1), 107–118. https://doi.org/10.32585/ags.v9i1.6234
Niga, M. I. B., Suptijah, P., & Trilaksani, W. (2022). Isolation and Characterization Extract and Powder from Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) and Its Potency as Immunomodulator Stocks. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 25(1), 52–66. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v25i1.37831
Ozerskaia, I. V., Khachatryan, L. G., Kolosova, N. G., et al. (2024). The Role of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Child Development. Voprosy Pitaniia, 93(2), 6–18. https://doi.org/10.33029/0042-8833-2024-93-2-6-18
Puspita Sari, I., Telisa, I., & Kemenkes Palembang, P. (2023). Formula Modifications for TKTP Diet Ingredients Based on Tempe Flour, Corn Flour, and Catfish Flour. Vol. 15(2).