FORMULATION AND PHYSICAL EVALUATION OF DEODORANT CREAM PREPARATIONS BASED ON GREEN BETEL LEAF (Piper Betle L.) EXTRACT WITH THE ADDITION OF ALUM (Aluminiu Potassium Sulfat)
Keywords:
Deodorant Cream, Green Betel Leaf, Alum, Physical EvaluationAbstract
Body odour is a common problem experienced by people in tropical climates due to increased sweat production and perspiration on the skin. The continuous use of synthetic deodorants can cause side effects, making it necessary to find safer, natural alternatives. Green betel leaves (Piper betle L.) are known to possess antibacterial activity as they contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. Alum, meanwhile, acts as an antiperspirant and bacteriostatic agent. This study aims to determine the formulation and evaluate the physical properties of a deodorant cream based on green betel leaf extract with the addition of alum. Green betel leaf extract (Piper betle L.) was obtained via maceration using 96% ethanol as the solvent. The cream formulation was prepared in three variations of green betel leaf extract concentration, namely F1 (2%), F2 (3%) and F3 (4%), with the addition of 2% alum. The physical evaluations carried out included organoleptic testing, homogeneity testing, pH testing, spreadability testing, adhesion testing, viscosity testing, cream type testing, and formulation stability testing. The results of the study showed that F1, F2 and F3 were green in colour, had a characteristic odour, were semi-solid in consistency, homogeneous and were of the oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion type. The deodorant cream preparations in each formulation (F1, F2, F3) had pH, spreadability, adhesion and viscosity values that met the requirements for a good cream preparation, and demonstrated good physical stability test results, characterised by the absence of phase separation of the cream following a centrifugation test at 4000 rpm for 30 minutes. Based on the results of the physical evaluation of the deodorant cream formulation containing green betel leaf extract (Piper betle L.) with the addition of alum (Aluminiu Potassium Sulfat), it was found to meet the physical quality requirements and has the potential to be used as a natural deodorant alternative.
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