Faktor Risiko Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) Selama Pandemi Covid-19 dan Implikasinya Untuk Mitigasi Pandemi Serupa di Masa Depan: Studi Kasus Kontrol di Kabupaten Buleleng
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Abstract
Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kabupaten Buleleng pada masa pandemi COVID-19 dilaporkan tertinggi di Indonesia dan semua kasus kematiannya diakibatkan oleh Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan kejadian DSS pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kasus kontrol dengan 48 penderita DSS dan 100 kontrol yang dipilih secara acak dari penderita DBD yang dirawat inap di RSU Kertha Usada dan RSUD Kabupaten Buleleng. Data dikumpulkan dari rekam medis meliputi umur, jenis kelamin, status gizi, penyakit penyerta, riwayat DBD, keterlambatan datang ke rumah sakit, kepemilikan jaminan kesehatan, dan faktor lainnya. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan inferensial menggunakan uji regresi logistik dengan 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Penelitian ini mendapatkan determinan individu terjadinya DSS adalah umur <10 tahun (aOR = 13,026; 95%CI: 3,296-51,486, p=<0,001), status gizi obesitas (aOR = 3,843; 95%CI: 1,546-9,552, p=0,004), penyakit penyerta paru (aOR = 3,839; 95%CI: 1,286-11,461, p=0,0016), dan adanya riwayat DBD (aOR = 5,228; 95%CI: 1,979-13,807, p=0,001). Determinan individu kejadian DSS pada pandemi COVID-19 meliputi usia <10 tahun, status gizi dengan obesitas, riwayat penyakit paru, dan riwayat DBD. Oleh karena itu, peningkatan kewaspadaan dini terhadap DBD dan pengoptimalan pemantauan status gizi menjadi penting untuk pencegahan jika ada pandemi serupa.
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