PENERAPAN TES LOCOMOTIVE SYNDROME DI KOMUNITAS LANSIA BERBASIS GLFS-25, TWO-STEP TEST, DAN STAND-UP TEST: NARRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Locomotive Syndrome (LS) menurunkan mobilitas dan kemandirian lansia. Skrining komunitas lazim mengintegrasikan tiga komponen Locomotive Syndrome Risk Test (LSRT), yakni GLFS-25 (gejala/disabilitas), Two-Step test (test panjang langkah dalam kemampuan berjalan), dan Stand-Up test (kekuatan fungsional ekstremitas bawah). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merangkum bukti ilmiah mengenai penggunaan GLFS-25, Two-Step Test, dan Stand-Up Test dalam penilaian Locomotive Syndrome komunitas lansia. Metode: Narrative review atas delapan artikel terpilih (2020-2025) berbasis jurnal scopus, ekstraksi mencakup penerapan di komunitas lansia, prosedur utama, cut off dan staging LS, karakteristik psikometrik GLFS‑25, serta hubungan dengan parameter fungsi berjalan dan keseimbangan. Hasil: Ketiga instrumen konsisten digunakan untuk mengklasifikasikan LS‑1, LS‑2, dan LS‑3. GLFS‑25 menunjukkan reliabilitas kuat, sementara Two Step test dan Stand Up test selaras dengan indikator jalan dan kekuatan tungkai. Simpulan: Kombinasi GLFS‑25, Two-Step test, Stand-Up test layak sebagai alur skrining kelompok lansia dan pemantauan perubahan, dapat dilengkapi TUG/BBS/OLST sesuai kebutuhan sumber daya.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Ishibashi, H. (2018). Locomotive syndrome in Japan. Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia, 4(3), 86–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afos.2018.09.004
Jabbar, A., Hayyan, A., Mardjiati, S., Wulan, M., & Hendrarati, R. (2023). Validity and reliability of the loco-check questionnaire after cross- cultural adaptation for Indonesia. Journal of Orthopaedic Science, 28(1), 267–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jos.2021.10.008
Japanese Orthopaedic Association. (2015). Locomotive Syndrome Pamphlet 2015. Locomotive Challenge! Council. https://locomo-joa.jp/assets/files/index_english.pdf (accessed 9 december 2025)
Kobayashi, T., Morimoto, T., Shimanoe, C., Ono, R., Otani, K., & Mawatari, M. (2023). A Simplified Screening Tool for the One-Leg Standing Test to Determine the Severity of Locomotive Syndrome. In Life (Basel, Switzerland) (Vol. 13, Issue 5). https://doi.org/10.3390/life13051190
Miyazaki, S., Fujii, Y., Tsuruta, K., Yoshinaga, S., Hombu, A., Funamoto, T., Sakamoto, T., Tajima, T., Arakawa, H., Kawaguchi, T., Nakatake, J., & Chosa, E. (2024). Spatiotemporal gait characteristics post-total hip arthroplasty and its impact on locomotive syndrome: a before-after comparative study in hip osteoarthritis patients. In PeerJ (Vol. 12). https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.18351
Ogata, T., Muranaga, S., Ishibashi, H., Ohe, T., Izumida, R., Yoshimura, N., Iwaya, T., & Nakamura, K. (2015). Development of a screening program to assess motor function in the adult population: a cross-sectional observational study. Journal of Orthopaedic Science, 20(5), 888–895. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00776-015-0737-1
Ogata, T., Yamada, K., Miura, H., Hino, K., Kutsuna, T., Watamori, K., Kinoshita, T., Ishibashi, Y., Yamamoto, Y., Sasaki, T., Matsuda, S., Kuriyama, S., Watanabe, M., Tomita, T., Tamaki, M., Ishibashi, T., Okazaki, K., Mizu-Uchi, H., Ishibashi, S., … Tanaka, S. (2023). Feasibility and applicability of locomotive syndrome risk test in elderly patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty. In Modern rheumatology (Vol. 33, Issue 6, pp. 1197–1203). https://doi.org/10.1093/mr/roac131
Prayogo, M., Tinduh, D., Poerwandari, D., Dharmanta, R. S., Wulan, S. M. M., Mikami, Y., & Melaniani, S. (2022). Improving Capacity of Older Adults with Locomotive Syndrome Stage 1 Living in Nursing Home: A Pilot Clinical Trial. In Annals of geriatric medicine and research (Vol. 26, Issue 4, pp. 323–329). https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.22.0073
Rungruangbaiyok, C., Lektip, C., Nawarat, J., Miyake, E., Aoki, K., Ohtsuka, H., Inaba, Y., Kagaya, Y., & Yaemrattanakul, W. (2025). Convergent Validity of the Lower Quarter Y Balance Test Against Two-Step and Timed Up and Go Tests in Thai Older Adults with and Without Locomotive Syndrome. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 22(4), 1–13. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22040538
Seichi, A., Hoshino, Y., Doi, T., Akai, M., Tobimatsu, Y., & Iwaya, T. (2012). Development of a screening tool for risk of locomotive syndrome in the elderly: The 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. Journal of Orthopaedic Science : Official Journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association, 17, 163–172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00776-011-0193-5
Taniguchi, M., Ikezoe, T., Tsuboyama, T., Tabara, Y., Matsuda, F., Ichihashi, N., & group, on behalf of the N. S. (2021). Prevalence and physical characteristics of locomotive syndrome stages as classified by the new criteria 2020 in older Japanese people: results from the Nagahama study. BMC Geriatrics, 21(1), 489. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02440-2
United Nations. (2017). Ageing, older persons and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. https://www.un.org/development/desa/ageing/news/2017/07/ageing-older-persons-and-the-2030-agenda-for-sustainable-development/ (accessed 9 december 2025)
Wang, C., Ikemoto, T., Hirasawa, A., Arai, Y., Kikuchi, S., & Deie, M. (2020). Assessment of locomotive syndrome among older individuals : a con fi rmatory factor analysis of the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. 1–15. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9026
World Health Organization. (2021). Falls: Fact sheet. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/falls?utm_source= (accessed 9 december 2025)
Yamada, K., Ito, Y. M., Akagi, M., Chosa, E., Fuji, T., Hirano, K., Ikeda, S., Ishibashi, H., Ishibashi, Y., Ishijima, M., Itoi, E., Iwasaki, N., Izumida, R., Kadoya, K., Kamimura, M., Kanaji, A., Kato, H., Kishida, S., Mashima, N., … Ohe, T. (2020). Reference values for the locomotive syndrome risk test quantifying mobility of 8681 adults aged 20-89 years: A cross-sectional nationwide study in Japan. In Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (Vol. 25, Issue 6, pp. 1084–1092). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jos.2020.01.011