EFEKTIFITAS QUADRICEPS ISOMETRIC STRENGTHENING KOMBINASI HAMSTRING STATIC STRETCHING MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS FUNGSIONAL PENDERITA OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE DI RS DR SOEPRAOEN KOTA MALANG
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rr. Tri Retno Handini
Achmad Fariz, Retno Dewi Prisusanti
Agung Hadi Endaryanto
Abstract
Nyeri, kekakuan otot, dan penurunan kekuatan quadriceps merupakan prediktor utama dalam menurunkan aktivitas fungsional knee osteoarthritis. Latihan yang direkomendasikan untuk meningkatkan kekuatan otot dan fleksibilitas otot sehingga terjadi peningkatan kemampuan fungsional adalah quadriceps isometric strengthening dan stretching hamstring. Studi ini untuk mengkombinasikan kedua teknik latihan tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen menggunakan pre-post test one group design, dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei hingga Agustus 2021 di RS. Tingkat II dr. Soepraoen Malang. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 35 orang pasien osteoarthritis, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak dengan usia responden 55-65 tahun, baik laki-laki dan perempuan yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, sehingga didapatkan sampel sejumlah 20 orang. Penelitian menggunakan alat ukur Western Ontario dan McMaster Quesionnaire Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) untuk menilai kemampuan fungsional penderita knee osteoarthritis. Dosis quadriceps isometric strengthening exercise dilakukan dengan tahanan 6-10 detik/set, jeda 5 detik, 8 set 3 kali repetisi. Hamstring stretching dengan tahanan 6-10 detik/set, jeda 5 detik, 8 set 3 kali repetisi, yang masing-masing dilakukan selama 2 minggu sebanyak 6 kali treatment. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji Wilcoxon, dengan hasil median pre- dan post-test masing-masing 70.50 dan 50.00 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,00<0,05. Maka disimpulkan bahwa, efektivitas pemberian quadriceps isometric exercise kombinasi hamstring stretching pada peningkatan aktivitas pada kasus knee osteoarthritis.
Kata kunci : quadriceps isometric strengthening, stretching hamstring, knee osteoarthritis
ABSTRACT
Pain, muscle stiffness, and decreased quadriceps strength are the main predictors of decreasing functional activity of knee osteoarthritis. One of the physiotherapy treatments is the provision of exercise. The recommended exercises for improving functional ability are quadriceps isometric strengthening and stretching hamstrings. This study sought to combine the two exercise techniques. This type of research is a quasi-experimental using a pre-post test one group design, and was conducted from May to August 2021 at the Level II Hospital dr. Soepraoen in Malang. The population of osteoarthritis patients was 35 people with random sampling technique, with respondents aged 55-65 years both male and female, who had met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thus, the number of samples obtained was 20 people using Western Ontario and McMaster Questionnaire Universities Osteoarthritis measuring instruments Index (WOMAC). The dose of Quadriceps isometric strengthening exercise is performed with a resistance of 6-10 seconds/set, a pause of 5 seconds, 8 sets of 3 repetitions. Hamstring stretching with resistance 6-10 seconds/set, pause 5 seconds, 8 sets of 3 repetitions. This study used the Wilcoxon test, with the median pre and post results being 70.50 and 50.00, respectively, with a significance value of 0.00<0.05. It was concluded that, giving a combination of quadriceps isometric exercise and hamstring stretching had an effect on increasing activity in cases of knee osteoarthritis.
Keywords : quadriceps isometric strengthening, stretching hamstring, knee osteoarthritis
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