Efektivitas Backward Walking Terhadap Fungsi Fisik Pada Knee Osteoarthritis
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Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis merupakan salah satu penyakit degeneratif yang sering terjadi pada lansia dan dapat menyebabkan penurunan fungsi fisik secara signifikan. Terapi latihan non-farmakologis, khususnya backward walking, memiliki potensi dalam meningkatkan kemampuan fungsional penderita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat review artikel terkait peranan efektivitas backward walking untuk meningkatkan fungsi fisik pada penderita knee osteoarthristis. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain tinjauan literatur sistematis dengan pencarian artikel melalui basis data PubMed, PEDro, dan Google Scholar pada periode 2016–2026. Kata kunci yang digunakan meliputi “knee osteoarthritis”, “backward walking”, “retrowalking”, dan “physical function”. Artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi berupa randomized controlled trial dan studi komparatif dengan outcome fungsi fisik. Proses seleksi dan ekstraksi data dilakukan secara independen oleh peneliti. Sebanyak empat artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa backward walking secara signifikan meningkatkan fungsi fisik yang diukur menggunakan WOMAC dan Tes Timed Up and Go (TUG), serta menurunkan intensitas nyeri. Selain itu, latihan ini juga berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan kekuatan otot quadriceps dan stabilitas postural. Dengan demikian, backward walking merupakan latihan yang efektif, aman, dan mudah diaplikasikan dalam meningkatkan fungsi fisik pada penderita knee osteoarthritis, sehingga dapat direkomendasikan sebagai bagian dari program rehabilitasi fisioterapi berbasis bukti.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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